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A Chronology of the Revolution of Timişoara December 1989

Friday, 15 December 1989

5.30 a.m.

Twenty to thirty parishioners gather in front of the Reformed Church and pastor László Tőkés’s house. As soon as they arrive, the two Militia agents guarding the door leave and the Securitate agents who keep the parishioners under surveillance from a distance report the gathering to the officer on duty. (Damian, 1999, p. 26).

8.30 a.m.

Radu Tinu, the deputy director of the Timiș County Securitate, is informed that 20-25 people have gathered in front of László Tőkés’s house at 1, Timotei Cipariu Street. They state that they guard Tőkés so that he will not be evicted (Tinu, 1990).

The first secretary of the county, Radu Bălan, goes to St Mary Square and finds that the people hold lit candles and are peaceful (Bălan 2, 1990).

7.30 – 8.00 p.m.

Tőkés comes to the window and thanks the gathering in Romanian and Hungarian. The people sing Awaken Thee, Romanian! The pastor tells them that much as he likes patriotic songs, this is not the time and place to sing them (Milin, 1997, p. 17).

10.30 – 11.00 p.m.     

At Bălan’s order, Petru Moţ, the first secretary of the city, and Ion Rotărescu, the secretary in charge with organisational matters at the Timiș County Committee of the Romanian Communist Party (RCP), go to the Reformed Church and assure Tőkés that he will not be evicted. They promise him that his other requests will be approved as well: the firewood supply, the replacement of the broken windows and medical care for his pregnant wife (Mioc, 2002, p. 27).

Saturday, 16 December 1989

6.00 a.m.

László Tőkés’s house is put under surveillance. Ten to fifteen people stand in front of the building and discuss the pastor and his family’s situation (Mavru, 1989).

9.00 a.m.

The number of people keeps increasing. A rumour is spread that the pastor “will be arrested and killed” (Mavru, 1989).

9.45 a.m.

László Tőkés comes to the window and addresses the gathering in Hungarian and Romanian, asking them to leave (RCTSFST, 1989).

1.30 p.m.

The intervention platoon of the Municipal Police is summoned and equipped with blue protection suits, shields, rubber batons and helmets (PT, IV, 2008, p. 1746).

5.00 – 5.30 p.m.

A group of 15 students with lit candles stand in front of Tőkés’s door and „instigate the increasing crowd” (Mavru, 1989).

After several young people try to break in, Tőkés comes to the window and asks them to leave, so they will not cause him more trouble. (Milin, 1997, p. 24).

5.30 – 6.00 p.m.

The first two trams are stopped in St Mary Square (Radu, 1990). Ion Monoran, who stopped the first tram coming from the North Station, says this happened at 6.30 p.m. (Monoran, 2008). According to other sourced, it happened at 5.55 p.m., when Daniel Zăgănescu, helped by Zoltan Borbely and Radu Galea, climbed on a tram buffer and shouted “Down with Ceauşescu!” for the first time in December 1989. With this radical slogan, the gesture of solidarity with pastor Tőkés escalated into a revolt against Ceauşescu (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 194; Mavru, 1989). According to Aurelian David Mihuţ, the first tram (no. 5) was stopped by a young employee of “6 Martie” Plant of Timişoara. The people immediately started shouting “Freedom!” and singing Hora Unirii (The Union Song) and Awaken Thee, Romanian! (Milin, 1997, p. 24).

7.00 p.m.

A column of protesters marches from St Mary Square to the County Party Committee, crossing Michelangelo Bridge and passing by the National Bank and the Post Office, then advances on 23 August Boulevard. The several hundreds of people march on Tudor Vladimirescu Street towards the student campus. A small number of students come out of their almost empty dormitories that are closely watched by their professors. At the intersection with Cluj Street, another group of protesters joins the column.

Colonel Ion Popescu summons the Militia and Securitate county leaders to the meeting hall of the Timiș County Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Popescu briefs them about the recent developments in Timişoara. A platoon of 40 commissioned and non-commissioned officers led by Colonel Gheorghe Minciu, chief of the Cadre Office, is sent to St Mary Square. Another platoon, led by Colonel Ion Constantin, is sent to the Party County Committee headquarters (PT, III, 2005, p. 1413).

7.00 – 7.30 p.m.

A Comtim coach takes special Militia troops with helmets, visors, white shields, and batons to St Mary Square. They are aligned opposite the pastor’s house, at the end of Timotei Cipariu Street. This cordon isolates the parishioners’ group (about 200) from the larger column of demonstrators (over 1 000) situated between the square and the bridge (Milin, 1997, p. 54).

8.35 p.m.

Some protesters want to break the windows and doors of the Party County Council building (RCTSFST, 1989).

10.00 p.m.

Minister Milea orders Lieutenant-colonel Zeca to make ready another ten squads, and Colonel Constantin Rotariu, Commander of the Air Defence Unit, to equip nine squads with weapons without ammunition and sent them to the streets (Armata română în Revoluţia din decembrie 1989, 1998, p. 56).

10.15 p.m.

The law enforcement officers take 14 people in custody at the Militia headquarters. Colonel Ion Popescu informs the Party County Council about the situation and receives new orders (IJTMI note).

10.40 p.m.

Captain Cornel Dorneanu, commander of the Timiș Militia intervention platoon, reports that he has been beaten and his men chased by the protesters (Szabo, 2009, p. 127).

Sunday, 17 December 1989

8.00 a.m.

Gheorghe Diaconescu, Deputy Prosecutor General, arrives from Bucharest with four prosecutors (Rado, 2011, p. 56).

10.00 a.m.

Radu Bălan calls the 18th Mechanised Division to request details about the parade. Colonel Ionescu, head of the task force, informs him that the military are making ready for the parade with the battle flag (Rado, 2011, p. 17; PT, III, 2005, p. 1443).

10.22 a.m.

Lieutenant-colonel Corpodeanu requests backup in St Mary Square. More and more people are gathering in the area (JAO).

12.25 p.m.

About 400-500 citizens shout slogans in the area between the Opera Square and the Cathedral (JAP).

12.26 p.m.

One thousand people leave the Opera Square and head toward Pârvan Boulevard (JAP).

12.30 p.m.

A new column of protesters marches from Modex toward the County Council (JAO).

Three thousand people are on Michelangelo Bridge (JAO).

Nicolae Ceauşescu calls Radu Bălan and interrogates him about the people’s reaction to the military parade.

Vasile Milea, the Minister of Defence, communicates Ceauşescu’s order that weapons should be used against the protesters (D 24/1991, f. 14-16).

1.15 p.m.

The code Tabela ABC-Ana is received and is to be applied starting with 7 p.m.

1.23 p.m.

About 4 000 protesters march towards the County Committee building. Seven vehicles of the fire brigade and other forces are in attack position.

1.30 p.m.

The firefighting vehicles try to spread the protesters in front of the County Council building (JAP).

1.51 p.m.

The protesters break into the County Council building (JAP).

2.02 p.m.

The ground floor of the County Council building is on fire (JAP).

2.30 p.m.

The first victim of the Revolution, Rozalia Irma Popescu, is run down by an armoured vehicle on Pestalozzi Street.

Nicolae Ceauşescu’s order to fire against the protesters is communicated to the Third Army Command that controls the military units in Timişoara (D 24/1991, f. 14-16).

2.40 p.m.

A state of emergency is declared in Timişoara (JUM 01942).

3.50 p.m.

The tanks and the Militia forces push the protesters towards the Opera Square.

There are 200-300 people in St Mary Square.

4.15 – 4.30 p.m.

The military open fire on the peaceful protesters in Liberty Square from theheadquarters of the 18th Mechanised Division(PT, IV, pp. 1914-1915 and 2294).

5.15 p.m.

Ion Coman arrives at the Party County Council headquarters and organises the repression measures (D 24/1991, f. 14-16).

Ion Coman, Radu Bălan Radu, Ilie Matei, Nicolae Mihalache, Gheorghe Manta, Petre Cristea, Emil Macri and Ion Popescu hold a conference call with Nicolae Ceauşescu in the Timiș County Party Committee building. Ceauşescu orders the use of live ammunition (D 24/1991, f. 14-16).

The order is given to use tear gas (JL D 18 Mc.).

6.35 p.m.

On Calea Girocului, at the intersection of Lidia and Naturii streets, five UM 01115 tanks heading for the city centre are blocked (D 11/P/97, II, f. 57).

6.55 p.m.

The Command of the 18th Mechanised Division receives the code Radu cel Frumos, which is communicated to all the units in the garrison (JUM 01942).

7.10 p.m.

Shots are fired in front of the Cathedral, from the City Hall and in Opera (Victory) Square. Many are killed or wounded (PT, IV, p. 2406-2407).

7.30 p.m.

Deputy Prosecutor General Gheorghe Diaconescu organises the interrogation of the arrested in the city jail. The statements given by the arrested must indicate that the protesters are instigated by Hungarian irredentists (Rado, 2011, p. 57).

7.50 p.m.

Shots are fired near Decebal Bridge, close to the County Committee headquarters. Tens of people are killed or wounded (PT, IV, pp. 2406-2407).

8.30-9.30 p.m.

At General Ștefan Gușă’s order, in Calea Lipovei people are shot with live ammunition from UM 01942 (JUM 01942).

9.20 p.m.

Shots are fired in Calea Girocului. The military fire on the crowd of men, women, children and old people. The troops advance on the street and open fire on the blocks of flats; some even shoot inside the blocks. Many are killed or wounded (D 11/P/97, II, f. 80; Cristea, 1990).

Monday, 18 December 1989

0.40

Major Iercoşan and his platoon go to the Cathedral „to catch the terrorists hiding in there” (JL D 18 Mc.).

0.43

Lieutenant-colonel Rogin reports that all the tanks have been withdrawn to the military unit in Calea Girocului and the protests have been put down. A large number of victims are registered in that neighbourhood (JL D 18 Mc.).

4.10 p.m.

About 300 people “are starting to get violent” on Calea Girocului.

In Bucharest, in writer Florin Iaru’s house, at the initiative of writer Petru Ilieşu, who has arrived there from Timişoara, a Protest is drawn up to be sent to the Western embassies in Bucharest. Among other things, the document requests that NATO troops should take action in Romania and that the repression in Timişoara be declared a crime against humanity. (Duţu, 2006).

4.30 p.m.

Groups of people assemble in front of the Cathedral. They light candles and chant slogans. Shots are fired at them (JAO). Marius Nemţoc is killed on the steps of the Cathedral. Most probably, Ioan Măriuţac is killed there too (although he may have been killed later, during the second round of fire). Militia officers Constantin Ţeighiu and Dumitru Asafti will be arraigned for their death, but they will be acquitted (Sentence no. 2, 1991). Sorin Leia is killed later, on the same steps. General Mihai Chiţac is involved in the repressive measures (Oşca, 2009). At his order, tear gas grenades are used against the crowd. (Scurtu, 1990).

There are divergent opinions on the exact times when fire was opened. According to one source (Suciu, 1990, p. 157), Sorin Leia was killed around 4.30 p.m., but witness Avram Gliguţă, who was wounded at the same time Sorin Leia was shot, says he had seen clotted blood in front of the Cathedral before that (Mioc, 1997). Therefore, shots had also been fired before Leia was killed and most probably Nemţoc and Măriuţac had died during that round. The official version is: “5.15 p.m. Protesters carrying lit candles gathered at the Cathedral. They refused to leave. They were challenged, and then fire was opened on them. They ran and barricaded themselves inside the Cathedral” (JL D 18 Mc.).

11.00 p.m.

General Constantin Nuţă and Colonel Ion Deheleanu order Militia Captain Valentin Ciucă to send a road train to the County Hospital. The dead bodies of the revolutionaries are loaded in the vehicle until 5 a.m. the next morning, when the road train is driven to Bucharest, where the bodies are incinerated (Sentence no. 6, 1991).

Tuesday, 19 December 1989

1.00 a.m.

At Elena Ceauşescu’s order, in an attempt to remove the traces of the brutal suppression of the previous protests, the bodies of 43 people killed on 17 December are loaded in a Comtim utility vehicle, during an operation named The Rose. After many debates with the local communist authorities and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (generals Nuţă and Mihalea), the bodies are transferred to the “Cenușa” Crematorium in Bucharest.

8.00 a.m.

In Calea Buziaşului, the workers of Electrotimiş enterprise stop working and start protesting.

At Elba enterprise, the human resources department is ordered to compile lists with the wounded, so that they should be sent to the infirmary to receive medical assistance.

9.00 a.m.

A truck full of armed soldiers parks within the Elba premises with the mission to confiscate the weapons of the patriotic guards of the enterprise. The employees refuse to release the weapons, on the grounds that they may be used against the demonstrators.

10.40 a.m.

Shots are fired not far from Elba and several people are wounded.

Wednesday, 20 December 1989

8.00 a.m.

 All the workers of the city have joined the street protests. Most of them are assembled in front of the County Committee building and the Cathedral and in Opera Square. Tens of thousands of people shout “Down with Ceauşescu!”, “Down with the dictator!” and “Today in Timişoara, tomorrow in the whole country!” The local authorities insist that the army should be used, but Ion Coman refuses adamantly (Coman 1, 1990; Rado, 2013, p. 14).

9.40 a.m.

From the detergent factory yard, Ioan Savu sees the column of protesters coming from Optica, Electrotimiş and IAEM. He joins it and proposes that they shout the slogans staccato, to be heard more clearly. The column reaches the soldiers posted at Banatul enterprise and the Slaughterhouse, but the soldiers withdraw (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 403).

11.00 a.m.

With General Vasile Milea’s approval, General Ştefan Guşe repeats the order that forbids the use of weapons and allows the demonstrators to march on the city’s thoroughfares. By 12 p.m., the military are withdrawn from everywhere, except the central area (Duţu, 2010, p. 119)

At his own initiative, Lieutenant-colonel Atudoroaie orders the officers to leave the enterprises and come to the Inspectorate headquarters. He realises the revolution has won (Rado, 2013, p. 157).

12.00 – 1.00 p.m.

The protesters arrive at the Party County Committee building (Mihalache 2, 1990). They are 50-70.000 in number (Balint, 2007, p. 85).

1.00 p.m.

A column of protesters coming from the North Station reaches the Cathedral. They stop for a few minutes, in memory of those who have died (Milin, 1990, p. 121).

Another column from Calea Buziaşului also arrives in the central area. The military formation in front of the City Hall tries to stop them, threatening them with their rifles. The crowd cannot be stopped, so the military give in and withdraw. (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 406).

1.00-1.15 p.m.

The military in front of the City Hall withdraw on Victory Boulevard (Milin, 1990, p. 121). Part of them goes inside Capitol cinema (Medeleţ and Ziman, 1990, p. 21-22).

1.30 p.m.

Lorin Fortuna, followed by the protesters, enters the Opera building (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 58).

2.00 p.m.

Constantin Dăscălescu and Emil Bobu arrive at the Party County Committee headquarters (Bălan 3, 1990; Rado, 2011, p. 19). The time of their arrival is debatable – between 1 and 2.40 in the afternoon.

2.10 p.m.

The speeches from the Opera balcony begin. There are about 100 000 people in the square. (Milin, 1990, pp. 128-129).

2.40 p.m.

An initial action committee is set up: Lorin Fortuna – chairman, Claudiu Iordache – secretary, Nicolae Bădilescu and Traian Maria – members (Balint, 2007, p. 84). Lorin Fortuna reads the members of the first committee from the Opera balcony: Lorin Fortuna – chairman, Eustaţiu Cornel – deputy chairman, Claudiu Iordache – secretary, Ciura Alexandru, Chiş Ioan, Vrăneanţu Traian, Florescu Viorel, Bădilescu Nicolae, Munteanu Mihaela, Săsăran Gruia, Simioana Gheorghe, Buhăianu Dinu, Predonean (?) Adriana, Dunca Romeo – members (Oşca, 2010, p. 167).

2.50 p.m.

The first defence system of the revolutionaries, led by Sorin Oprea, is developed. On the upper floor, a new team is led by Ioan Curuţiu (Balint, 2007, p. 84).

3.30 p.m.

The first delegation of the RDF (Romanian Democratic Front) Executive Office (Bădilescu and Adrian Sanda) is sent to the Party County Committee. (Oşca, 2011, p. 203).

5.00 p.m.

A list of about 20 people – the RDF leaders – is sent to the Yugoslav Consulate, to be made known abroad. Two copies are sent with two different delegations, one led by Adrian Misarăş and the other by Beni Oprea (Milin, 1997, p. 113).

6.00 p.m.

Some of the arrested protesters are released (Duţu, 2010, p. 124).

6.15 p.m.

Two people from the crowd are called to talk with the leaders from Bucharest. Ioan Savu says that the delegation should include 8-13 people. The ad hoc delegation (which has five members at first) goes to the Party County Committee meeting hall (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 408-411).

Different sources provide different numbers and names of the delegation members. According to Balint, it included Ion Marcu, Sorin Oprea, Petre Petrişor, Ion Savu, Adela Săbăilă, prof. Muregan Socaciu Virgil, Petru Boroşoiu and Valentin Vinter (Balint, 2007, p. 86). Ocşa mentions Ioan Savu, Petre Petrişor, Ion Marcu, Ion Curuţiu, Petru Hurezan, Cornel Eustaţiu, Marin Pisică, Sorin Oprea, Petru Boroşoiu, Ion Săsăran, Victoria Vasoi, T. Barna, Rodica Stima, Ion Monoran, Nicolae Vârlan, Aurel Ghilea (Oşca, 2011, p. 178). Milin holds that Sorin Oprea and another 13-18 people climb to the meeting hall on the first floor. The latter asks Prime Minister Dăscălescu to resign. (Milin, 1990, p. 132).

7.00 p.m.

From time to time, the representatives of the revolutionaries appear on the Opera balcony, to show the people in the square they are safe (Milin, 1990, p. 132).

The demands of the Citizens Committee, which were made clear during the debates with Constantin Dăscălescu, are read:

  1. President Ceauşescu must resign.
  2. The government must resign.
  3. Free elections must be organised.
  4. A committee must be set up to investigate the events in Timişoara.
  5. The guilty must be brought to justice.
  6. The political prisoners must be released at once.
  7. Who ordered the military to fire at the protesters in Timişoara?
  8. The dead should be given to their families for proper Christian funerals.
  9. Ceauşescu must appear on television and inform the public about the real situation in Timişoara.
  10. The press must be free.
  11.  The radio and the television must be free.
  12.  The education system must be reformed (Oşca, 2011, 162).

Thursday, 21 December 1989

1.00 a.m.

There are 200-300 revolutionaries in Opera Square. Only 50 remain between 3 and 5 (Balint, 2007, p. 94).

1.00-3.00 a.m.

The Proclamation of the Romanian Democratic Front set up Timişoara is drawn up. The text is drafted in the Opera hall, at a round table borrowed from the Opera buffet (Milin, 1990, p. 142). Lorin Fortuna, the RDF leader, declares: “I can’t remember all those involved in drawing up the RDF Proclamation, but among them were Nicolae Bădilescu, Luminiţa Milutin, Petre Boroşoiu, Claudiu Iordache, Mihaela Munteanu. The text was completed at about 3 a.m. (Thursday, 21 December).” (Milin, 1997, p. 123).

5.30 – 7.30 a.m.

Patriotic guards from Oltenia arrive in Timişoara by train (Rado, 2011, p. 19)

6.00 a.m.

The protesters are back in Opera Square. Radio Free Europe broadcasts the list of the 13 people who went to the County Committee and their platform. (Milin, 1990, p. 150- 51)

7.00 a.m.

Coman orders Bălan to return the dead bodies kept in the Timiş County Hospital morgue to their families (Rado, 2011, p. 19).

7.30 – 8.00 a.m.

Several people speak to the crowd from the Opera balcony: Claudiu Iordache, who had a heart problem, Ion Monoran, Morar Petrişor, Ion Savu, Petre Petrişor. (Balint, 2007, p. 96)

Friday, 22 December 1989

9.10 a.m.

Major Viorel Oancea climbs to the balcony and addressed the crowd. Later that day, General Ştefan Guşă, the representative of the minister of defence, threatens to throw him in jail. Military prosecutor Izdrăescu goes to the unit headquarters to arrest Oancea (Milin, 1990, p. 162).

12.06 p.m.

Nicolae and Elena Ceauşescu flee from the Central Committee building in Bucharest with a helicopter (Duţu, 2010, p. 162).

1.10 p.m.

Marius Mioc jumps from the prison van on Drobeta Street, in Fratelia Neighbourhood. He learns that Ceauşescu has fled, so he is no longer afraid he will be shot (Suciu and Bogdan, 2011, p. 266).

Saturday, 23 December 1989

0.00

Shots are fired close to the Oituz Barracks in central Timişoara, which housed several military units. The military declared that they had to shoot because they had been attacked from the outside. The battle log of the Vânju Mare (Dolj County) unit, which was deployed to Timişoara during these events, registered 7 950 live cartridges fired in a single day – 23 December 1989 (Bălan, 2011, p. 47).

8.10 p.m.

The helicopter that flew generals Constantin Nuţă (chief of the General Militia Inspectorate) and Mihalea Velicu (Nuţă’s deputy) was shot down near Alba Iulia. The two generals and the crew died in the ensuing fire. Nuţă and Velicu, leaders of the repressive measures in Timişoara, had boarded a train in Arad before noon. They were arrested in Simeria railway station at 1 p.m. and taken to Deva. Nobody knows who shot down the helicopter that was flying them. (Case file 97/P1990).

References

  1. *** Armata română în Revoluţia din decembrie 1989, Editura Militară, Bucureşti, 1998.
  2. *** Timişoara 16 – 22 decembrie 1989, Editura Facla, Timişoara, 1990.
  3. Atudoroaie, 1990: Gheorghe Atudoroaie, Statement dated 6 January 1990.
  4. Badea, 1990: Gheorghe Badea, Statement dated 7 January 1990.
  5. Balint, f.a.: Costel Balint, Timişoara în decembrie 1989, Editura Helicon, Timişoara, f.a.
  6. Balint, 2007: Costel Balint Costel, Ziua de mâine a început ieri, Editura Eurostampa, Timişoara, 2007.
  7. Bălan, 2011: Romeo Bălan, Victimele Revoluţiei, Timişoara – 1989, Editura Memorialul Revoluţiei 1989, Timişoara, 2011.
  8. Bălan 1, 1990: Radu Bălan, Statement dated 31 January 1990.
  9. Bălan 2, 1990: Radu Bălan, Statement dated 23 February 1990.
  10. Bălan 3, 1990: Radu Bălan, Statement dated 9 May 1990.
  11. Bobu, 1990: Emil Bobu, Statement dated 26 June 1990.
  12. Caiet Teacă: General Teacă’s personal notes.
  13. Caietele Revoluţiei, nr. 2, 2006.
  14. Ciobotea, 2005: Radu Ciobotea, După Revoluţie, târziu…, Timişoara, Editura Almanahul Banatului, Timişoara, 1995.
  15. Coman 1, 1990: Ion Coman, Statement dated 16 January 1990.
  16. Coman 2, 1990: Ion Coman 2, Statement dated 28 May 1990.
  17. Constantinescu, 2009: Emil Constantinescu, Păcatul originar, sacrificiul fondator. Revoluţia din ’89 aşa cum a fost, Editura Minerva, Bucureşti, 2009.
  18. Corpodeanu, 1990: Ion Corpodeanu, Statement dated 10 January 1990.
  19. Cristea, 1990: Maricel Cristea, Statement dated 14 May 1990.
  20. Damian, 1999: Neculai Damian, Scânteia vine din văzduh, Timişoara, Editura Eurostampa, 1999.
  21. DA Br. 30: Documentary about the activities of Brigada 30 Securitate in Timişoara in 16.12 – 22.12.1989, no. T̸ 05367 of 5 March 1990.
  22. Dincă, 1990: Nicolae Dincă, Statement dated 24 October 1990.
  23. D 4/P/1990: Case file 4/P/1990, Military Prosecutor’s Office Timişoara.
  24. D 6/1990, IV: Case file 6/1990, vol. IV, Supreme Court of Justice.
  25. D 42/P/1990: Case file 42/P/1990, Supreme Court of Justice.
  26. D 97/P1990: Case file 97/P1990, Military Prosecutor’s Department.
  27. D 24/1991: Case file 24/1991, Supreme Court of Justice – Military Department.
  28. D 330/P/1991, II: Case file 330/P/1991, vol. II.
  29. D 11/P/1997, III:  Case file 11/P/1997, vol. III.
  30. D 308/P/2000: Case file 308/P/2000, Bucharest Military Tribunal
  31. Dudaş, 2004: Vasile Dudaş (coord.), Din cronologia judeţului Timiş, Editura Marineasa, Timişoara, 2004.
  32. Duţu, 2006: Alesandru Duţu, Revoluţia din decembrie 1989, Cronologie, Editura Institutului Revoluţiei Române din decembrie 1989, Bucureşti, 2006.
  33. Duţu, 2010: Alesandru Duţu – Revoluţia din decembrie 1989 – cronologie, Editura Sitech, Craiova 2010.
  34. JAO: Operations Log of the Timiş Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
  35. JAP: Fire Brigade Operations Log.
  36. JALTS: Securitate Troops Operations Log
  37. JUM 01115: Military Unit 01115 Log.
  38. JUM 01024: Military Unit 01024 Log.
  39. JUM 01942: Military Unit 01942 Log.
  40. Macri 1, 1990: Emil Macri, Statement dated 8 January 1990.
  41. Macri 2, 1990: Emil Macri, Statement dated 15 January 1990.
  42. Mavru, 1989: Nicolae Mavru, Surveillance Report of 17 January 1989.
  43. Medeleţ şi Ziman, 1990: Florin Medeleţ şi Mihai Ziman, O cronică a Revoluţiei din Timişoara 16 – 22 Decembrie 1989, ediţia I, aprilie 1990.
  44. Mihalache 1, 1990: Nicolae Mihalache 1, Statement dated 9 January 1990
  45. Mihalache 2, 1990: Nicolae Mihalache 2, Statement dated 7 March 1990.
  46. Milin, 1990: Milin Miodrag, Timişoara 15 – 21 decembrie ’89, Editura Facla, Timişoara, 1990.
  47. Milin, 1997: Miodrag Milin, Timişoara în Revoluţie şi după, Editura Marineasa, 1997.
  48. PT, I, 2004: Miodrag Milin (ed.), Procesul de la Timişoara (2-15 martie 1990), vol. I, Editura Fundaţiei Academia Civică, Bucureşti, 2004.
  49. PT, II, 2004: Miodrag Milin (ed.), Procesul de la Timişoara. Audierea celor 21 de securişti şi miliţieni inculpaţi (2-15 martie 1990), vol. II, Asociaţia Memorialul Revoluţiei 16-22 decembrie 1989 şi Fundaţia Academia Civică, Timişoara – Bucureşti, 2004.
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  91. Zeca 2: Constantin Zeca, Statement dated 9 June 1990.

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